Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes/Certificates
This page contains information on certificates (PKI, X.509, etc) for the Toolforge Kubernetes cluster.
General considerations
Kubernetes includes an internal CA which is the main one we use for cluster operations.
By default, kubernetes issued certificates are valid for 1 year. After that period, they should be renewed.
The internal kubernetes CA, generated at deployment time by kubadm expires after 10 years. The current CA is good until Nov 3 14:13:50 2029 GMT
Worth noting that etcd servers don't use the kubernetes CA, but use the puppetmaster CA instead.
Most certs can be checked for expiration with sudo kubeadm certs check-expiration on a control plane node.
External API access
We have certain entities contacting external the kubernetes API. The authorization/authentication access is managed using a kubernetes ServiceAccount and a x509 certificate. The x509 certificate encodes the ServiceAccount name in the Subject field.
Some examples of this:
- tools-prometheus uses this external API access to scrape metrics.
- TODO: any other example?
Operations
Certificates for this use case can be generated using a custom script we have: wmcs-k8s-get-cert .
Usually, the generated cert will be copy&pasted into the private puppet repo to be used as a secret in a puppet module or profile.
Renewing the certificate is just generating a new one and replacing the old one.
Example workflow for replacing tools-prometheus k8s certificate:
user@cloudcumin1001:~# sudo cumin "O{project:tools name:tools-prometheus}" 'disable-puppet "T12345 refreshing certificates"'
user@tools-k8s-control-3:~$ sudo -i wmcs-k8s-get-cert prometheus
/tmp/tmp.9k9N7ksn6K/server-cert.pem
/tmp/tmp.9k9N7ksn6K/server-key.pem
user@tools-k8s-control-3:~$ sudo cat /tmp/tmp.9k9N7ksn6K/server-cert.pem
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDYTCCA[...]
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
user@tools-k8s-control-3:~$ sudo cat /tmp/tmp.9k9N7ksn6K/server-key.pem
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEpQIBA[...]
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
root@tools-puppetmaster-02:/var/lib/git/labs/private# vim modules/secret/secrets/ssl/toolforge-k8s-prometheus.key
# copy paste here the private key
root@tools-puppetmaster-02:/var/lib/git/labs/private# git commit -a
# Write the task you are working on in the commit and any details you find relevant you are done!
user@laptop:~/git/wmf/operations/puppet$ nano modules/profile/files/ssl/toolforge-k8s-prometheus.crt
create a patch similar to https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/operations/puppet/+/926484
user@cloudcumin1001:~# sudo cumin "O{project:tools name:tools-prometheus}" 'enable-puppet "T12345 refreshing certificates"'
Internal API requests
Sometimes the Kubernetes API server makes requests to other services. For example:
- custom webhooks
- the internal metrics server (i.e, what kubectl top uses)
In general Kubernetes requires those requests to be encrypted and verified via TLS certificates. Historically we used to generate certificates for those using the Kubenetes internal CA, because that was possible and the easiest method. However due to changes in the Kubernetes certificates API, that is no longer possible. These days the modern approach for these is to use cert-manager to generate those certificates.
cert-manager
You will need to generate a certificate for the service. Self-signed certificates will work fine. Something like this:
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Issuer
metadata:
name: metrics-server-api-tls
spec:
selfSigned: {}
---
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Certificate
metadata:
name: metrics-server-api-tls
spec:
dnsNames:
- "metrics-server.metrics.svc"
secretName: metrics-server-api-tls
revisionHistoryLimit: 1
issuerRef:
name: metrics-server-api-tls
kind: Issuer
group: cert-manager.io
This will generate a certificate for that DNS name and save it to a secret called metrics-server-api-tls. To see the status of the certificate, use kubectl describe certificate:
taavi@tools-sgebastion-11:~ $ kubectl describe certificate -n metrics metrics-server-api-tls
Name: metrics-server-api-tls
Namespace: metrics
Labels: app=raw
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by=Helm
chart=raw-0.3.0
heritage=Helm
release=metrics-server-api-certs
Annotations: meta.helm.sh/release-name: metrics-server-api-certs
meta.helm.sh/release-namespace: metrics
API Version: cert-manager.io/v1
Kind: Certificate
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2023-02-17T11:15:56Z
Generation: 1
Managed Fields:
API Version: cert-manager.io/v1
Fields Type: FieldsV1
fieldsV1:
f:status:
f:revision:
Manager: cert-manager-certificates-issuing
Operation: Update
Time: 2023-02-17T11:15:56Z
API Version: cert-manager.io/v1
Fields Type: FieldsV1
Manager: helm
Operation: Update
Time: 2023-02-17T11:15:56Z
Resource Version: 1059036361
UID: 2e6e087e-06d9-4da5-b8ed-6109dbc38d6e
Spec:
Dns Names:
metrics-server.metrics.svc
Issuer Ref:
Group: cert-manager.io
Kind: Issuer
Name: metrics-server-api-tls
Revision History Limit: 1
Secret Name: metrics-server-api-tls
Status:
Conditions:
Last Transition Time: 2023-02-17T11:15:56Z
Message: Certificate is up to date and has not expired
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: Ready
Status: True
Type: Ready
Not After: 2023-05-18T11:15:56Z
Not Before: 2023-02-17T11:15:56Z
Renewal Time: 2023-04-18T11:15:56Z
Revision: 1
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Issuing 17m cert-manager-certificates-trigger Issuing certificate as Secret does not exist
Normal Generated 17m cert-manager-certificates-key-manager Stored new private key in temporary Secret resource "metrics-server-api-tls-hv7gg"
Normal Requested 17m cert-manager-certificates-request-manager Created new CertificateRequest resource "metrics-server-api-tls-cm8gn"
Normal Issuing 17m cert-manager-certificates-issuing The certificate has been successfully issued
On the api configuration (so usually either the webhook or APIService object), use cert-manager's CAInjector feature:
annotations:
# syntax: namespace/secret-name
cert-manager.io/inject-ca-from: "metrics/metrics-server-api-tls"
Cert-manager will automatically renew the certificate when it has 1/3 of its lifetime remaining. If the service does not automatically re-load the changed certificate, you can use stakater/reloader to restart the deployment when the certificates change.
Kubernetes CA certificates (legacy method)
Certificates for this use case can be generated using a custom script we have: wmcs-k8s-secret-for-cert.
After running the script, the secret should be ready to use.
Renewing the certificate is just generating a new one (running the script again and making sure the pod uses it).
If you want to make sure the old cert is no longer present, just delete it and run the script again. Example session for the metrics-server:
root@tools-k8s-control-3:~# kubectl delete secrets -n metrics metrics-server-certs
secret "metrics-server-certs" deleted
root@tools-k8s-control-3:~# wmcs-k8s-secret-for-cert -n metrics -s metrics-server-certs -a metrics-server
secret/metrics-server-certs created
root@tools-k8s-control-3:~# kubectl get secrets -n metrics metrics-server-certs -o yaml | grep cert.pem | head -1 | awk -F' ' '{print $2}' | base64 -d | openssl x509 -text
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
2f:65:a6:cf:2c:16:2f:39:6e:29:95:ee:35:01:b9:d7:75:a1:d2:50
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: CN = kubernetes
Validity
Not Before: Jun 2 11:31:00 2020 GMT
Not After : Jun 2 11:31:00 2021 GMT
Subject: CN = metrics-server
[..]
Node/kubelet certs
Kubelet has two certs:
- A client cert to communicate with the API server
- A serving certificate for the Kubelet API
At this time the serving certificate is a self-signed one managed by kubelet, which should not need manual rotation. Proper, CA-signed rotating certs are stabilizing as a feature set in Kubernetes 1.17, and we should probably switch to that for consistency and as a general improvement. The client cert of kubelet is signed by the cluster CA and expires in 1 year.
Operations
All such client certs are rotated when upgrading Kubernetes, but they can be manually rotated with kubeadm as well. It is possible to configure the kubelet to request upgraded certs on its own when they near expiration. So far, we have not set this flag in the config, expecting our upgrade cycle to be 6 months, roughly.
To renew certificates run the wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew cookbook:
user@laptop:~$ cookbook wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew -h
usage: cookbooks.wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew [-h] [--project PROJECT] [--task-id TASK_ID] [--no-dologmsg] --control-hostname-list
CONTROL_HOSTNAME_LIST [CONTROL_HOSTNAME_LIST ...]
WMCS Toolforge Kubernetes - renew kubeadm certificates
Usage example:
cookbook wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew \
--project tools \
--control-hostname-list tools-k8s-control1 tools-k8s-control2
See Also:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-certs/#manual-certificate-renewal
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--project PROJECT Relevant Cloud VPS openstack project (for operations, dologmsg, etc). If this cookbook is for hardware, this only affects dologmsg
calls. Default is 'toolsbeta'.
--task-id TASK_ID Id of the task related to this operation (ex. T123456). (default: None)
--no-dologmsg To disable dologmsg calls (no SAL messages on IRC). (default: False)
--control-hostname-list CONTROL_HOSTNAME_LIST [CONTROL_HOSTNAME_LIST ...]
List of k8s control nodes to operate on (default: None)
You would usually run the cookbook for all control nodes in a given cluster. The cookbook is idempotent and can be run at any time safely.
Example usage:
user@cloud-cumin-03:~$ sudo cumin --force -x 'project:toolsbeta name:toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-*' "kubeadm certs check-expiration"
3 hosts will be targeted:
toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-[4-6].toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud
[..]
===== NODE GROUP =====
1 toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud
----- OUTPUT of 'kubeadm certs check-expiration' -----
[check-expiration] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[check-expiration] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
CERTIFICATE EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY EXTERNALLY MANAGED
admin.conf Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d ca no
apiserver Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d ca no
apiserver-kubelet-client Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d ca no
controller-manager.conf Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d ca no
front-proxy-client Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d front-proxy-ca no
scheduler.conf Jan 20, 2024 17:23 UTC 338d ca no
CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME EXTERNALLY MANAGED
ca Oct 20, 2029 09:54 UTC 6y no
front-proxy-ca Oct 20, 2029 09:54 UTC 6y no
[..]
user@laptop:~$ cookbook wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew --control-hostname-list toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4 toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5 toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6
START - Cookbook wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 1 -- kubeadm certs renew all
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 2 -- restart control plane static pods
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: figured kubelet fileCheckFrequency to be 20s
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-apiserver-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-controller-manager-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-scheduler-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4
[DOLOGMSG]: renewed kubeadm certs on toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-4
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 1 -- kubeadm certs renew all
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 2 -- restart control plane static pods
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: figured kubelet fileCheckFrequency to be 20s
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-apiserver-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-controller-manager-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-scheduler-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5
[DOLOGMSG]: renewed kubeadm certs on toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 1 -- kubeadm certs renew all
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: step 2 -- restart control plane static pods
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: figured kubelet fileCheckFrequency to be 20s
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-apiserver.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-apiserver-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-controller-manager.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-controller-manager-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/.kube-scheduler.yaml /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: waiting 21 secs for kubelet to do filecheck for /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
INFO: toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud: reset creationTimestamp: kubectl -n kube-system delete pod kube-scheduler-toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6
[DOLOGMSG]: renewed kubeadm certs on toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-6
END (PASS) - Cookbook wmcs.toolforge.k8s.kubeadm_certs_renew (exit_code=0)
user@cloud-cumin-03:~$ sudo cumin --force -x 'project:toolsbeta name:toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-*' "kubeadm certs check-expiration"
3 hosts will be targeted:
toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-[4-6].toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud
[..]
===== NODE GROUP =====
1 toolsbeta-test-k8s-control-5.toolsbeta.eqiad1.wikimedia.cloud
----- OUTPUT of 'kubeadm certs check-expiration' -----
[check-expiration] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[check-expiration] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
CERTIFICATE EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY EXTERNALLY MANAGED
admin.conf Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d ca no
apiserver Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d ca no
apiserver-kubelet-client Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d ca no
controller-manager.conf Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d ca no
front-proxy-client Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d front-proxy-ca no
scheduler.conf Feb 16, 2024 15:59 UTC 364d ca no
CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME EXTERNALLY MANAGED
ca Oct 20, 2029 09:54 UTC 6y no
front-proxy-ca Oct 20, 2029 09:54 UTC 6y no
[..]
See also upstream docs: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-certs/#manual-certificate-renewal
Tool certs
These certs are automatically generated by the maintain-kubeusers mechanism. When a new tool is created in Striker, the LDAP change is picked up by a polling loop in the maintain-kubeusers deployment, and the service will:
- Create the NFS folder for the tool if it isn't already there because of maintain-dbusers
- Create the necessary folders to set up the KUBECONFIG for the user.
- Create a tool namespace along with all necessary privileges, restrictions and quotas
- Generate a private key
- Request and approve the CSR for the cert to authenticate the new tool with the Kubernetes cluster
- Write out the cert to the appropriate files along with the KUBECONFIG
- Create a configmap named
maintain-kubeusersin the tool namespace that gives the expiration date of the cert to use for automatically regenerating the cert before it expires- Deleting this configmap will cause the cert to be regenerated on the next iteration. This is the safest way to regenerate the certs manually.
Each cert includes a CN, which functions as the user name in Kubernetes, and can include groups as well ("O:" or organization entries). Tool certs currently have the CN of their tool name and one O of "toolforge".
This service runs in Kubernetes in a specialized namespace just for it using a hand-made Docker image, as is documented in the README of the repo. The toolsbeta version runs the maintain-kubeusers:beta tag instead of the :latest tag to facilitate staging and testing live without hurting Toolforge proper. Deploying new code only requires deleting the currently-running pod after refreshing the required image tag.
Operations
If someone has a need to rotate their tool user certs for some reason, run:
user@bastion $ sudo become <tool-that-needs-help>
tools.toolname:~$ kubectl delete cm maintain-kubeusers
This will cause maintain-kubeusers to refresh their certs.
If the certs were already deleted, you will need to instead have a cluster admin run kubectl delete cm maintain-kubeusers --namespace tool-$toolname --as-group=system:masters --as=admin since the tool won't be able to authenticate.
In case of a corrupt .kube/config file, the same trick applies except, that maintain-kubeusers will not read invalid YAML. Therefore, you will need to delete the tool's .kube/config and then as a cluster admin, run kubectl delete cm maintain-kubeusers --namespace tool-$toolname --as-group=system:masters --as=admin. Maintain-kubeusers will regenerate their credentials soon after.
Etcd certs
All etcd servers use puppetmaster issued certificates (puppet node certificates). The etcd service will only allow communication from clients presenting a certificate signed by the same CA. This means kubernetes components that contact etcd should use puppet node certificates.
In the puppet profile controlling this, we have a mechanism to refresh the certificate and restart the etcd daemon if the puppet node certificate changes (it is reissued or whatever).
See also
Some other interesting docs: